Make sure you drive your vechicle far enough to the left to allow traffic to safely pass or overtake on the right, but not so far to the left that you are driving on a cycle lane or blocking or endangering cyclists or pedestrians

Keep a distance of at least 1 metre.

Keep a distance of at least 1.5 metres.

This means that the vechicle is at least 13 metres long and you will need extra road length to pass it and safely return to the left hand side of the road.

You want to go straight ahead when the driver in front of you has moved out and signalled that they intend to turn right. You have signalled that you intend to turn left. Traffic in both lanes is moving slowly but traffic in the left hand lane is moving more quickly than the right hand lane - for example in slow-moving stop-start traffic.

You are at or near a Pelican crossing, Zebra crossing or at Pedestrian signals. A traffic sign or road marking prohibits it. You are approaching a junction. You are on the approach to a corner, bend, dip in the road, hump-back bridge, brow of a hill or on a narrow road. You are in the left-hand lane of a dual carriageway or motorway when traffic is moving at normal speed. It would cause danger or inconvenience to another road user.

Where there is continous centre white line. In a one way road.

Just after the beginning (dusk) and before the end (dawn) of lighting-up hours; as long as they are needed to let you see clearly; when stopped in traffic; when meeting other traffic; in built-up areas where there is a good street lighting; on continously lit roads outside built-up areas; when following behind another vechicle; where there is dense fog, falling snow or heavy rain; when daylight is fading; generally to avoid in conveniencing other traffic.

Use your fog lights only during dense fog or falling snow. You must turn them off at all other times.

Slow down and stop if necessary. Always watch for pedestrians or cyclists on your side of the road. If the dazzle is from on oncoming vechicle, avoid it by looking towards the verge (edge of your side of the road) until the vechicle has passed. If the dazzle is from vechicle behind you and reflected in your mirror, operate the night-driving mode on the mirror.

Warn other road users of on-coming danger; make them aware of your presence for safety reasons when reasonably necessary.

Do not use a horn in a built-up area between 11.30 at night and 7 in the morning unless there is a traffic emergency.

All traffic must keep to the left of the line (except in an emergency or for access).

These warning lines alert drivers to hazards such as restricted vision, approach to a junction, approach to a roundabout, a hill crest, bends and continous white line ahead.

These divide two lanes of traffic travelling in opposite directions. You must not cross them unless it is safe to do so.

These alert drivers to continous white lines a short distance ahead. As a driver, you must not cross them unless is safe to do so.

The driver must obey the line that is nearest to them.

This road contains a hard shoulder, which is normally only for pedestrians and cyclists. If a driver wants to allow a vechicle behind them to overtake, they may pull in to the hard shoulder briefly ( but do not continue driving in the hard shoulder) as long as no pedestrians or cyclists are already using it and no junctions or entrances are nearby.

The driver must give right-of-way to any traffic on a major road ahead. The yield line usually appears with an upright yield sign. A white triangular yield symbol may also be provided with the yield line.

The word Stop may also be written near or at the stop line. The driver must come to a complete stop before entering a major road. The stop line sometimes appears with an upright Stop sign.

It means "Stop". If the light is red as you approach it, you must not go beyond the stop line at that light or if there is no stop line you must not go beyond the light.

It means you may go on if the way is clear. Take special care if you intend to turn left or right and give way to pedestrians who are crossing. A green light is not a right of way it is an indication that you can proceed with caution.

It means that you must not go beyond the stop line or if there is no stop line, you must not go beyond the light. However, you may go on if you are so close to the line or the light when the amber light first appears that stopping would be dangerous.

It means that you may move on in the direction of the arrow, assuming it is safe and the way is clear, even if a red light is showing.

It means that you may move on past the traffic light, but only if you first give way to traffic already coming through the junction on the other road.

The distance between your vechicle and the one in front.

On a dry road, choose a point like a lamp post or road sign. When the vechicle in front passes that point, say out loud "Only a fool breaks the two-second rule". Check your position in relation to your chosen point as you finish saying this. If you have already passed the point, you are driving too close to the vehicle in front and need to pull back. In wet weather, double the distance between your vehicle and the one in front of you by saying "Only a fool breaks the two-second rule" twice. If travelling in more severe conditions such as snow, fog and ice, you may need to repeat "Only a fool breaks the two-second rule" 4 or 5 times.

"Aquaplaning" occurs when a car is being driven on a wet road and a film of water builds up between the tyres and the road surface. When that happens, the car loses contact with the road, and braking and steering are affected.

The traffic on your right has right of way. You must let that traffic pass before you move on. It is important to understand that the right of way is not an absolute right. You must proceed with caution while showing regard for other users on the road.

Together, the road marking and information plate mean you must not park during the times shown.

No parking at anytime.

In a designated disabled persons parking space unless you display a "reserved for a person with disablity" permit. Wheelchair users need to use the extra-wide, special parking bay to open their car door fully. This will allow a person to get from a wheelchair to a vehicle or from a vehicle to a wheelchair. Normal parking bays are too narrow to give the access needed by wheelchair users, so other road users must not park in the designated disabled persons parking spaces. It is an offence to do so; Where there are white or yellow zig-zag lines on either side of pedestrian lights or either side up pelican or zebra crossings; Wholly or partly on a zebra or pelican crossing or at pedestrian lights; 15 metres before or 5 metres after a pedestrian crossing or traffic lights; Near a school entrance where there are yellow zig-zag lines along the edge of the roadway enclosing the words "School keep clear"; Near an entrance or exit from a Fire, Ambulance or Garda Station; Within an area marked as a bus stop or taxi rank - white roadway markings line the areas and, in addition show the word "bus" at a bus stop and "Taxis" at a taxi rank; Where there is a single or double continous white line along the centre of the road; Wholly or partly on a footpath, a grass margin, a cycle lane or track or a median strip; Within 5 metres of a road junction unless parking spaces are clearly marked; On a part of a road reserved for casual trading during trading hours; In a contra-flow bus lane at anytime or in a with-flow bus lane during the hours the bus lane is in force; In a loading bay (reserved for goods vehicles to use while loading or unloading goods for a maximum period of 30 minutes) roadway markings show the word "loading" repeated across the entrance of the parking area; In an entrance or exit for vehicles to or from a premises, unless authorised by the occupier of the premises; In a tram lane during the period the tram lane is in force (tram lanes operate on a 24-hour basis unless an alternative period is shown on an information plate beside the lane); On the approach to a level crossing; Where the kerb has been lowered to help wheelchair users.

At a corner, a bend, the brow of a hill or on a hump-back bridge; Where there is a sharp dip in the road; or anywhere that blocks the view of a school warden or Junior school warden service - this restriction does not apply to a vehicle displaying a disabled persons parking permit.

Your car breaks down, a garda signals you to do so, there is an emergency (such as crash), there are roadworks or you are at a toll plaza.

An area that a driver or the other road user cannot see directly with their mirrors. This requires them to turn or look sideways to see other road users.

Kerbing which extends from the side of the road to reduce traffic speed.

An area in the centre of the road which separates approaching flows of traffic or a pedestrian crossing.

A traffic-calming measure to make vechicles slow down and weave between traffic lanes.

Traffic warning signs with hatched markings indicating a sudden change in direction.

A marked area on the road that shows where a motorway and a slip road meet.

Chevron markings on the road which help separate traffic lanes.